Unlike its predecessor, Windows 7 is intended as an incremental update of the NT 6.0 kernel, that the goal of maintaining some degree of compatibility with applications and hardware on which Windows Vista is compatible. The development goals for Windows 7 is to make the best interface and to make it more user friendly, with new features that will make a task easier and faster at the same time while trying to make it a more lightweight, stable and fast OS. Various presentations given by the company in 2008 have focused on demonstrating multi-touch touch screen capabilities, a redesigned interface along with a new task bar and a home networking system called Home Group, as well as improvements in performance.

Development of Windows 7

The development of this system began immediately after the launch of Windows Vista. On July 20, 2007, revealed that this system is called internally by Microsoft as version "7". So far, the company said that Windows 7 will support 32-bit platforms and 64 bits, while the server version (which happens to be Windows Server 2008) will be exclusively 64-bit.

On October 13, 2008 it was announced that "Windows 7" besides being one of the many code names, would be the official name of this new operating system. Mike Nash said that this was because Windows 7 is aimed at simplicity, and the name should reflect this.

Now for January 7, 2009, the beta was released to MSDN and Technet subscribers. On January 9, it was enabled shortly to the general public through direct download on the official site, but there were problems with the servers that forced the withdrawal of discharge until hours later after adding more servers, and also changed the limit 2.5 million people as an excuse for the problem of delay, the new limit was until February 10 2009.

On May 5 the Release Candidate version was released in 5 languages, including Spanish.

On May 11 Microsoft announced in a bulletin that Windows 7 will be available for Christmas 2009.

On June 2 announcement that Microsoft Windows 7 global output will be October 22.

Approach

Windows 7 will be more focused on the performance of the operating system. In the official blog Microsoft released six of the most important works: use of memory, CPU utilization, input / output operations to disk operations, startup, shutdown and sleep, system performance and employment base by the disk utilization.

In an interview with Newsweek, Bill Gates said the new version of Windows would be more focused on the user, also commented that they are working hard to improve performance.

Also one of its main goals is to improve the startup and aim to boot up in less than 15 seconds. This will reduce the amount of proposed programs and services that start loading Windows.

Another thing very much in the development of this system (due to user complaints) is to minimize the intrusion, enhance performance and enable the modification of the User Account Control, since this was a total failure due to Windows Vista’s constant warnings unnecessary in simple everyday actions.

In a letter written by Vice President of Microsoft Corporation, Bill Veghte, speaks about the vision they have for Windows 7.
We learned a lot through the comments you have shared with us about Windows Vista and that feedback plays an important role in our work for Windows 7. We have said that they want a more structured and predictable schedule for the release of Windows, our approach to Windows 7 is to build on the same basic architecture of Windows Vista Service Pack 1, so the investments you and our partners have made in Windows Vista with Windows 7 will continue. Our goal is to ensure that the process of migration from Windows Vista to Windows 7 is transparent.

Features

Windows 7 includes many new updates, including advances in speech recognition, tactile and writing, support for virtual drives, better performance in multi-core processors, the faster boot ups and improvements to the core.

Many new features were added to the Control Panel as: Accelerators, Gadgets, Infrared, Troubleshooting, and other location sensors, Credentials Administrator, Windows Solution Center, among others.

There were major changes in programs such as WordPad, Paint, Calculator and On-screen keyboard.

Windows Sidebar, or better known as Windows Sidebar has been removed and now the gadgets can be freely placed anywhere on your desktop.

     * New Devices and Printers item in Control Panel which will have access to all the hardware you connect to your PC (digital photo printers, cameras, etc.). Along with this has been included Device Stage, is a director of mobile devices that helps users to synchronize music, videos, pictures and gives information about the status of the SIM card, battery, messages, etc..

     * Aero Snaps: Lets you resize a window by simply dragging it to the edge of the screen, for example, if dragged to the very top, right or left then it takes 50% of the screen according to which side you dragged it to, and when you drag it back to the center it takes its original size.

Windows Explorer

     * Libraries: The "Libraries" are virtual folders that aggregate content from multiple folders and displays them in one. For example folders added in the library "Videos" by default are: "Personal Video" (before "My Videos") and "Public Videos" although more can be added manually. They are used to classify the different types of files (Documents, Music, Videos, and Photos).

     Aero Shake * When you have multiple windows open, choosing one and shake the other open one causes the other windows to be minimized, by repeating this action, the windows return to their previous locations.

Taskbar

The taskbar has undergone a face lift making it more consistent with other systems; it is longer, with the rectangles of the windows and brings no text, only the application's icon, which is squarer. These changes were made to improve the performance of the "touch". It integrates with the quick launch, open windows are now displayed with a border indicating that they are open and shortcuts without edge.

     * Aero Peek: The previews included since Windows Vista has been improved and became more interactive and useful. When the mouse rests on an open application that displays a preview window showing the name, the preview and the option to close it also, if put your mouse over the preview, you get a look at full screen and remove the mouse, the window is returned to where it was. It also incorporates this feature to Windows Flip.

     * Jump List: Rick clicking on any application in the taskbar is a "Jump List" where you can make simple tasks according to the application, for example, recent open documents from Office, recently open tabs in Internet Explorer, select playlists in Media Player, change messenger status, etc...

   * Show Desktop: This new bar has a small rectangle on the right corner that replaces the quick launch icon in previous versions. This new "rectangle allows to put the pointer over it, the windows are now 100% transparent, it’s to see the desktop quickly, gadgets, or you can simply click and minimize all windows.

Multimedia

Windows 7 will come with a new version of Windows Media Center and the Windows Media Player is capable of playing formats such as MP4, MOV, 3GP, AVCHD, and ADTS WTV, including codecs such as H.264, MPEG4-SP, ASP / DivX / Xvid, MJPEG, DV, AAC, LPCM. In addition, the Media Player also has a lite version to play videos without having to load the library and other things.

Interface

It has been publicly stated that the development team of the Ribbon interface of Microsoft Office 2007 will be an active part in the redesign of the Windows Explorer, and possibly other elements of the user interface. This interface is already included in Paint and WordPad (In Windows 7 Beta).

Multi-Touch

On May 27, 2008, Steve Ballmer and Bill Gates at the "D6: All Things Digital" unveiled the new interface multi-touch calling it "only a small part of what will come with Windows 7. Later, corporate vice president Julie Larson Green showed potential uses, such as drawing in Paint, enlarge or reduce photos and to drag and open items simply tap the screen.

"Today most computers are controlled through the mouse-keyboard interaction," said Bill Gates, chairman of Microsoft. "In the coming years, the role of the voice, vision, ink-all of them will be enormous," he said.

Other features

Several other features originally planned for Windows Vista may be part of Windows 7, depending on when they are completed.

Windows 7 also will incorporate a Hypervisor, which will have the features discussed during the preliminary phase of development of Windows Vista. All the code will run in a closed environment where access to the "external world" is restricted by the operating system. Access to the external components will be disabled in this closed environment, such as direct access to the file system, the hardware abstraction layer (HAL), and memory addressing. All access to applications, files, and protocols will be covered by the operating system and any malicious activity will be stopped immediately. If this approach is successful, it protects the user's safety, making it virtually impossible for a malicious application to cause harm to the system if the application is locked within this metaphorical "glass box". Also, this closed environment is capable of adapting itself to the code based on which was written. This will alleviate many problems that arise for compatibility every time a new OS hits the market.

Microsoft has decided not to include the Windows Mail program, Windows Movie Maker and Windows Photo Gallery in Windows 7 and instead make them available as a download on the Windows Live Essentials package.

This has been decided to provide updates to these programs, streamlining the operating system, letting the user choose the applications you want on your computer and avoid future claims of monopoly. It has also renovated the calculator with new features and a new interface.

One feature that has attracted the most attention is the loading time of the Beta version. It has been compared to Windows Vista and its results are of interest to promote a fast start in about 15 seconds. This result is obtained only when you start services on demand, avoiding the burden of those who are not really needed until an application requires it.

Hardware requirements

In late April 2009 Microsoft released the final requirements of Windows 7.
Recommended minimum requirements for Windows 7

Recommended Minimum Requirements
1 GHz processor speed (for 32-bit or 64-bit)
1 GB RAM (32-bit) 2 GB (64-bit)
Device Graphics Card DirectX 9 graphics with WDDM 1.0 or higher
16 GB free space (32-bit) 20GB (64-bit)
DVD-ROM

Optionally, a monitor is required to access touch features like "multi-touch" of this new system.

Edits

Microsoft has confirmed that there would be six editions of Windows 7, but will focus on marketing only two of them, the Home Premium Edition and Professional. Added to these are the Ultimate and Enterprise editions, which are intended groups. The Home Basic edition will be available only for emerging markets, and Starter Edition will be available only on computers pre-installed (OEM).

     * Starter: Special ultra only come preinstalled on computers. Not be changed but the wallpaper is removed the restriction of 3 active applications at the same time.
     * Home Basic: For emerging markets, not be marketed in Western Europe, United States and Japan, added to the Starter thumbnails, supports advanced networking and Mobility center.
     * Home Premium includes Media Center, Aero Glass, improved support for formats including retail retail
     * Professional: Equivalent to Vista Business. Data protection with advanced backup, managed network domain with Job Network printing through localized Location Aware Printing, file encryption.
     * Enterprise: Protecting Data with Bit Locker in external and internal hard drives; Applocker; Direct Access; volume licenses only preinstalled on new computers.
     * Ultimate: Includes all the extras

Compatibility

Microsoft has stated that Windows 7 will have full compatibility with drivers, applications, etc. So do not recur in compatibility problems as occurred when using a program that works perfectly in Windows XP and not Windows Vista.

The client versions of Windows 7 will be released in versions for 32-bit architecture and 64-bit Home and Professional versions. However, the server versions of this product will be launched exclusively for 64-bit architecture.

This means that the client versions 32-bit programs still bear 16-bit Windows and MS-DOS. And the 64-bit versions (including all server versions), both programs bear 32 and 64 bits.

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